Sunday, March 27, 2011

Japan's government under fire in nuclear crisis

Patients exposed to radiation at Fukushima are moved -- authorities Friday encouraged voluntary evacuations in the buffer zone. STORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Kyodo poll finds government gets poor marks for handling the nuclear crisisNEW: IAEA chief says communication has improved NEW: Greenpeace warns of high radiation levels outside the evacuation zoneTraces of radiation are detected in China and Massachusetts Tokyo (CNN) -- Japan's government pressed the owner of the earthquake-damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant for better information Sunday as it battled against criticism of its own handling of the crisis there.

Yukio Edano, the government's point man for the crisis, issued what he called "stronger instructions" to the Tokyo Electric Power Company to fully disclose as much as possible about conditions at the plant.

"Every piece of information must be provided accurately and swiftly" to Japan's Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency, Edano, the chief Cabinet secretary, told reporters. "Without this communication, it's very difficult for the government to (establish) proper safety measures."

Workers have spent more than two weeks trying to stave off potential meltdowns in three reactors at the six-unit Fukushima Daiichi plant, about 240 kilometers (150 miles) north of Tokyo. The plant was damaged by the historic earthquake and subsequent tsunami that hit northern Japan on March 11.

A poll by Japan's Kyodo News Agency found the government is getting poor marks for its handling of the crisis, with 58 percent telling pollsters that they disapprove. Though 57 percent of Japanese approve of how the government has moved to provide relief for victims of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, the poll found, only 39 percent approve of how it has managed the situation at Fukushima Daiichi.

Edano said the government has done "everything possible."

"But we also realize that many of the people in the affected areas have been very inconvenienced, and they are in a very serious crisis," he added. "We understand that, and there may be more such difficulties ahead."



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NATO considers expanded role in Libya

U.S. military aircraft are on the move at Aviano Air Base, in Italy, on Friday. STORY HIGHLIGHTSNATO to take over no-fly zone by MondayAlliance also discussing whether to take over entire missionAn operations plan was drafted, but needs unanimous consent Brussels, Belgium (CNN) -- As NATO prepares to take over responsibility for the no-fly zone in Libya, the 28-member alliance on Sunday was also debating a separate plan to expand military actions in the country at war.

NATO's military committee approved an operations plan early Sunday that would shift the entire Libyan mission to alliance command, including rules of engagement. This technical approval now requires unanimous political consent from all members before NATO officially takes the operation over.

As NATO ambassadors prepared to meet Sunday evening in Brussels to discuss the plan, NATO sources said it was not a done deal and divisions remained about if and when to engage in airstrikes against Libyan ground forces.

At the same time, NATO was putting the final touches on its takeover of the no-fly zone over Libya. The handover from the United States and allies should be complete by Monday. NATO officials described the transition as phased and seamless operation.



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Yemen battles al Qaeda as president clings to power

Anti-government protesters demonstrate in Sanaa Sunday as President Ali Abdullah Saleh denies he wants to cling to power. STORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Saleh says he will not offer more concessionsOpposition figure: Saleh is 'like a snake'Three AQAP fighters, seven Yemeni soldiers killed in fighting, officials saidProtesters seek ouster of Saleh, who has ruled since 1978 (CNN) -- Fighting between Yemeni security forces and members of al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula has left people on both sides dead over the past two days, Yemeni security forces said.

The reports came as President Ali Abdullah Saleh has been fighting to hold onto power, arguing that he is best equipped to lead the fight against Islamists.

Three "al Qaeda terrorists were killed" and six others were arrested in Lawdar district, Yemen's official news agency Saba reported Saturday.

On Sunday, seven Yemeni soldiers were killed and seven others were wounded when members of al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula attacked them in Mareb, two security officials said. The attack took place at a military checkpoint a mile north of the government complex in Mareb province, east of the capital, Sanaa.

The attackers also used grenades and machine guns, and took two military vehicles from the checkpoint, the security forces said.

After the fighting Saturday, the Yemeni government said it was a sign that strong measures are needed to combat instability within the country. Saba reported that Governor Saleh al-Zawari of Abyan province affirmed "the importance to enhance security performance to strictly confront any attempts to disturb security and stability in the governorate."



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Mondale: Geraldine Ferraro was a 'gutsy pioneer'

Remembering Geraldine FerraroSTORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Mondale calls Ferraro a "gutsy pioneer"President Obama describes Ferraro as a political "trailblazer"She was the first female vice presidential candidate from a major U.S. political partyBut her 1984 bid, on the Democratic ticket headed by Walter Mondale, was a failure (CNN) -- Walter Mondale recalled Saturday why he chose Geraldine Ferraro to be his running mate in the 1984 presidential election.

"She was the right choice," Mondale said. "She's smart. She knows the issues. She believes in social justice."

Plus, the elder statesman told CNN Minneapolis-St. Paul affiliate KARE, she was a scrappy campaigner.

Ferraro, who trailblazed American politics for women when she became the vice presidential candidate of the Democratic Party, died Saturday, according to a family statement. She was 75.



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Status report: Reactor-by-reactor at the Fukushima Daiichi plant

Setback at nuclear plant?STORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Officials correct findings for pooled water in reactor No. 2Fresh water is being pumped into the Nos. 1, 2 and 3 units reactors and fuel poolsSome work is halted in parts of units Nos. 2 and 3, due to contaminated pooled waterRadiation in pooled water in the No. 2 unit's turbine building is 10 million times normal (CNN) -- Since March 11, the six reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant have been in various states of disrepair after being battered by a 9.0-magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami.

Here is the latest on the status of each reactor and what was being done to prevent further emissions of radioactive material.

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Reactor No. 1

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Fresh water was injected both into the unit's reactor core and its spent nuclear fuel pool on Sunday, said an official with the Tokyo Electric Power Co., which runs the plant. This is in place of the saltwater that had been used for the same purpose, to cool nuclear fuel rods in the reactor and spent fuel pools. Besides its cooling purposes, experts hope the fresh water will help flush out salt to allow better operation of the cooling system.

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Work resumed on Sunday to pump water out of the basement of the No. 1 unit's turbine building. Earlier tests indicated the presence of radioactive material in this pooled water, though not at nearly as high levels as those in the turbine building basements of the Nos. 2 and 3 reactors.

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According to the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum, a nuclear trade group that has been keeping tabs on government and utility company accounts of the nuclear crisis efforts, the lighting is now working at buildings in and around the No. 1 reactor.

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The same group has said the No. 1 unit's reactor core has been damaged, but its containment vessel was not. Saturday, the reactor's cooling systems were still not operational.

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Still, the building was "severely damaged" by an earlier hydrogen explosion.

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Reactor No. 2

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Radiation levels in pooled water tested in the No. 2 nuclear reactor's turbine building are 100,000 times normal, utility company and government officials said Sunday, correcting an earlier finding of 10 million times normal. The reading applies to radioactive iodine-131, which has a half-life of eight days.

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Iodine-134, which loses half its radioactive atoms every 53 minutes, was at less than a detectable amount, officials said, correcting an earlier figure of 2.9 billion becquerels per cubic centimeter.

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There was no indication of harm done to the two people working in and around the No. 2 reactor when the radiation result became known. Those two subsequently left, and work in the turbine building has stopped until the government signs off on the power company's plan to address the issue, according to an official with the Tokyo Electric Power Co., which runs the plant.

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A Tokyo Electric official noted Sunday that people continued to work in other buildings -- including a control room, which got power and light for the first time in weeks the previous afternoon -- in the No. 2 reactor's complex.

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Also, fresh water was pumped Sunday into the No. 2 unit's reactor core as well as its spent nuclear fuel pool.

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Damage is "suspected" in this unit's containment vessel, according to the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum. The reactor's core is also thought to be damaged, but the building has only been "slightly damaged," the group reports.

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Even though the temperature and pressure levels are "unknown," the containment vessel pressure is considered "stable," the nuclear industry trade group reports.

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Reactor No. 3

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Work continued to be halted in the basement of the No. 3 unit's turbine building, as authorities tried to work around contaminated water pooled there. Plans are being devised on safely and efficiently removing that tainted water.

The water that three men stepped in while laying cable in this building's basement had 10,000 times the amount of radiation typical for that locale, Nishiyama had said. The workers -- each of whom tested positive for 173 or more millisieverts of radiation, including two with direct exposure on the skin -- were set to be released Monday after four days of observation at Japan's National Institute for Radiological Sciences, a research hospital in Chiba, according to Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano.

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Despite the suspected damage to the reactor core -- something that isn't presumed at any of the other five reactors -- Nishiyama said there is evidence that pressure is somehow being maintained in the vessel, making it less likely there is a big gash.

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Fresh water was being being pumped Sunday into the No. 3 reactor core as well as its spent nuclear fuel pool. This replaces the seawater that had been used previously. The aim of using fresh water is to cool down nuclear fuel and flush out accumulating salt that might hinder the reactors' existing cooling systems.

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The No. 3 reactor has been of particular concern, experts have said, because it is the only one to use a combination of uranium and plutonium fuel, called MOX, considered more dangerous than the pure uranium fuel used in other reactors.

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The Japan Atomic Industrial Forum, an industry trade group that is tracking official accounts of the cleanup efforts at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, said the pressure of the No. 3 reactor's containment vessel has been upgraded to "stable."

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Whereas the group had stated Friday that damage was suspected in the reactor, on Saturday its assessment changed to "unknown" -- a further acknowledgment of uncertainty as to whether the contaminated water was the result of a leak in the nuclear reactor core or had some other cause.

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The building of the No. 3 reactor was "severely damaged" after an explosion caused by the buildup of hydrogen gas, the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum reported. Its core reactor is also damaged and its fuel rods are either partly or fully exposed. As to its pool of spent nuclear fuel, reports are that the pool was "possibly damaged" and the water level has been low -- a reason for the repeated spraying.

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Reactor No. 4

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A concrete pump truck was used once again Sunday to inject seawater into the unit's fuel pool, said Nishiyama of Japan's nuclear safety agency.

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Along with the No. 5 and 6 reactors, the No. 4 was offline in a scheduled outage when the earthquake hit, and as a result the reactor's water level and pressure are safe.

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The reactor's pool of spent nuclear fuel, however, was "possibly damaged," which is why authorities have said its water levels are low and why they've made repeated efforts to fill it up with water.

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Reactor No. 5

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The No. 5 unit appears safe and in "cold shutdown state," according to Nishiyama. It is once again able to cool the fuel rods in the spent fuel pool, according to the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum.

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As with units No. 4 and 6, this reactor was offline in a scheduled outage when the quake hit and there are no major issues with the reactor and core itself. The pool of spent nuclear fuel is thought to be functioning, though there are continued concerns about powering the reactor's cooling system to ensure the fuel rods contained within remain cool.

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As with unit No. 6, three holes were punched in the building earlier to relieve pressure and prevent a hydrogen explosion.

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Reactor No. 6

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The No. 6 unit appears safe and in "cold shutdown state," according to Nishiyama. It is once again able to cool the fuel rods in the spent fuel pool, according to the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum.

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The No. 6 reactor was offline when the tsunami struck, and there are no major concerns about the structure or safety of its core or containment vessel. The pool of spent nuclear fuel is thought to be functioning, though there are continued concerns about powering the reactor's cooling system to ensure the fuel rods contained within remain cool.

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As with unit No. 5, three holes were punched in the building earlier to relieve pressure and prevent a hydrogen explosion.



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