Wednesday, April 6, 2011

From bad-boy star to Haiti's president

Michel Martelly defeated his challenger, former first lady Mirlande Manigat, in a landslide, winning 67.6% of the vote. STORY HIGHLIGHTSMichel Martelly made a name as a bad-boy carnival singerHis popularity escalated him to a political victoryMartelly vowed to restore people's confidence in governmentHaitians wanted change, says a newspaper editorRELATED TOPICSMichel MartellyHaitian PoliticsMirlande ManigatHaiti (CNN) -- It was just before Christmas when Michel Martelly mulled over events in his troubled land and concluded that everything had been done to ensure loss for him at the polls.

An election rife with fraud had ousted him from the race. Martelly's dreams of leading Haiti were all but dead. But four months of recounts and reviews and then a runoff changed everything, and the unexpected candidate is poised now to move into the presidential office.

Unexpected because Martelly has never been a politician.

He's better known as "Sweet Mickey," a popular kompa singer who enthralled his fans with bad-boy antics on stage. He cursed and swayed with a bottle of Barbancourt rum in his hands and on occasion, mooned his audience.

It's an image that Martelly said he cultivated solely for the stage. Still, it led many to question whether he was fit to run a nation, especially one as beleaguered as Haiti.

Already the poorest nation in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti is reeling from devastation caused by last year's massive earthquake followed by a cholera epidemic later in the year.

A perceived lack of progress prompted Haitians to vote against Jude Celestin, the government-backed candidate. Martelly, they said, was a fresh face in politics, untainted by the corruption that has marred many a presidency in Haiti.

"To Haitians, particularly the legions of young and jobless, #Martelly is an outsider who can bring change to #Haiti," longtime Haiti observer Jocelyn McCalla said on Twitter.

Martelly's victory falls in line with the signal the Haitian people have been sending for a while, said Garry Pierre-Pierre, editor and publisher of the New York-based newspaper The Haitian Times.

"They don't want the establishment. They don't want the status quo."

On the streets of Port-au-Prince, thousands turned out to chant one of his most popular nicknames: "Tet Kale," which means bald head in Creole. Haitians, especially the youth, were starving for a fresh face. And they got it Monday when the election council announced preliminary results.

Martelly won by a landslide with 67.6% of the vote, soundly defeating his challenger, former first lady Mirlande Manigat, who received 31.5%.

Pierre-Pierre called Martelly's campaign impressive. He came out of nowhere and stunned established politicians with his strong showing in November.

"This was a man who could move millions with a microphone," Pierre-Pierre said.

But at first, the election council said Martelly had placed third, behind Manigat and Celestin, meaning he was not eligible for a runoff.

His supporters took to the streets, angry at what they said was a rigged election.

Then came a review of the vote, monitored by the Organization of American States.

The review resulted in Celestin's removal from the ballot and placed Martelly in the runoff. It was exactly what the candidate had hoped for back in December when he laid out for CNN his plan to lift Haiti out of its misery.

Martelly appeared in jeans and a button-down shirt at his plush home in Peguyville, a suburb of Port-au-Prince up in the hills. A silver arm cuff hugged his right wrist and he sipped hard on his favorite ice-cream soda. He sat at a table surrounded by a piano and eight wall-mounted speakers. It was not hard to tell this was a party house.

Haiti, he said then, was on the brink of revolution.

"This is a very dangerous corner in Haiti's history," he said. "But it's a revolution that can be done peacefully through the election."

Under the father-and-son Duvalier dictatorship, Haitians lacked freedom, but the people had clean roads, electricity, jobs, security, Martelly said. When democracy came overnight to this Caribbean nation, people didn't know how to handle it.

Martelly spoke of 24 years of troubled times, of a poor country that, he said, hurtled backward into even more poverty.

"We are ruled by corruption," he said. "The people have no confidence in their government."

The lack of confidence was further eroded by a presidential election in disarray.

"You know how (U.S. President Barack) Obama said it's not about the man, but it's about the plan?" he said. "Here it's more about the man than about the plan."

Haiti will go nowhere, he said, unless the people have a president they can trust, a president who is honest. He was that man, he insisted.

He said his background in music as well as social work -- he founded an aid agency that helps the poor -- gave him 22 years on the ground. The people know him, he said. He was their light at the end of the tunnel.

But the man also had plans.

He said, for instance, that the $12 billion that was pledged by the international community for earthquake assistance should come in the form of infrastructure, not money, because Haitians don't know how to manage money.

"People are fed up here," he said. "They have no food, no education, no health care. What kind of place is it when a young girl will sell her body to buy a phone card?"

Martelly exuded confidence that he could bring change to Haiti. But not everyone is so sure.

Pierre-Pierre compared his win to another victory more than two decades ago that catapulted a Catholic priest into the presidency. Jean-Bertrand Aristide came to power largely because he was not from the establishment and gave voice to the masses.

"Martelly spoke in a way Aristide spoke to the people," Pierre-Pierre said. "He spoke to them, not at them."

But look what happened to Aristide, Pierre-Pierre said, referring to the fall of Haiti's first democratically elected president, who coincidentally returned from exile just days before last month's election.

Pierre-Pierre drew another comparison as well. Like Aristide, Martelly has no experience in politics.

"He is a musician and a good one at that," he said.

That makes Pierre-Pierre a fan of Sweet Mickey but not necessarily a supporter of Martelly's. Ultimately, Pierre-Pierre said, what does an entertainer know about Haiti's role in the world.

Some Haiti observers went further than that.

Irwin Stotzky, a University of Miami lawyer who has studied human rights in Haiti, said Martelly hardly had the credentials to run the country and did not see much hope for the immediate future.

"It's sort of a bad joke," Stotzky said.

But when asked in December whether a man who made a name dancing and singing had the mettle for his nation's top job, Martelly smiled.

"Well," he said. "Look at what the politicians have done."



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Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Satellite hunk no threat to space station

NASA is monitoring a piece of space junk that could come close enough to collide with the International Space Station. STORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Tracking data indicates it is not on a collision course with the stationThe station's crew of three was warned to seek shelter if necessaryThe debris is expected to be near the station at 4:21 p.m. RELATED TOPICSNASAInternational Space StationSpace Debris (CNN) -- NASA determined Tuesday that a piece of space junk will not pose a threat to the crew aboard the International Space Station.

The space agency had been monitoring a piece of a Chinese satellite that was destroyed in 2007 and had warned the crew to begin making plans to take shelter in the Russian Soyuz capsule if necessary.

However, tracking data shows that the debris will not come close enough to warrant an evacuation of the station, NASA said in a statement after the crew was given the all-clear signal.

The debris is expected to be closest to the space station at 4:21 p.m. ET.

The current space station team is made up of NASA astronaut Cady Coleman, Russian cosmonaut Dmitry Kondratyev and European Space Agency astronaut Paolo Nespoli.



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Radiation leak at nuke plant reduced

Workers try to stop the spread of radiation at the damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. STORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: The most recent attempt brings a decrease in leaking radioactive waterNEW: More than 5,700 tons of less radioactive water are purposefully released so farRadiation levels drop sharply offshore, but are many times the legal limitWater in a pit that's leaking into the sea had radiation 7.5 million times above the norm Tokyo (CNN) -- An attempt to plug a leak of highly radioactive water from a Japanese nuclear reactor has shown a "significant difference," despite the material not setting as hoped, officials said late Tuesday.

Tokyo Electric Power Company, which runs the damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, said the injection of a silica-based polymer dubbed "liquid glass" had reduced the amount of highly radioactive water that was leaking into the ocean.

The utility's assessment comes after the country's Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency said that the substance had not hardened as expected. The material had been pumped from below into the leaking shaft at the plant's No. 2 reactor.

Though water continued to pour into the ocean, photographs released by TEPCO showed a thinner, less powerful stream. The company says it has no estimate of the rate of the leak, however, so the amount of reduction was unclear.



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Thursday, March 31, 2011

China's 'meteoric rise' as a science power

More than one out of every 10 scientific papers published in the period from 2004 to 2008 came from China. STORY HIGHLIGHTSChina moves from sixth place to second in the publication of science articlesThe United States remains on top, but its dominance is slippingChina's influence isn't growing as fast as its outputThe findings come from the Royal Society in BritainRELATED TOPICSChinaHong Kong London (CNN) -- China is experiencing a "meteoric rise" in the publication of scientific papers in the past two decades, and while the United States remains on top, its dominance is slipping, a new study found this week.

Fewer than one out of 20 of the world's scientific articles came out of China in the decade up to 2003, the study shows. But the number rose to more than one out of 10 in the period from 2004 to 2008.

That pushed it up from sixth place to second, Britain's Royal Society found.

The United States was in first place in both time periods, but its share of publications dropped from more than one in four to about one in five.

The United Kingdom held steady in third place, but its share dropped from 7.1% to 6.5%, according to the study, "Knowledge, Networks and Nations: Global scientific collaboration in the 21st century."

China's influence and prestige in science may not be rising as fast as its output, the paper suggested.

The Royal Society measured how often each country's papers were cited by other researchers, a "means of evaluating the quality of publications," and found the United States first and the UK second.

China is rising, "although the rise does not mirror the rapidity of growth seen in the nation's investment or publication output."

Other nations are also newly making a mark in science, including Iran, Tunisia and Turkey, the paper found.

And it also discovered a rise in international collaboration on research papers. Only a quarter of articles had authors from more than one country 15 years ago, while today it's more than one in three.

The full report is available on the website of the Royal Society, Britain's national scientific academy.



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Tuesday, March 29, 2011

Former President Carter returns to Cuba

Jimmy Carter arrives in CubaSTORY HIGHLIGHTSNEW: Carter visits a Jewish center and temple and meets with the archbishop of HavanaThe trip is officially to strengthen bilateral tiesHowever, there are hopes the ex-president may try to lobby for an American prisonerThe U.S. contractor was recently sentenced to 15 years in prison Havana, Cuba (CNN) -- Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and his wife, Rosalynn, landed in Havana on Monday for a private visit aimed at reducing tension between the Cold War enemies and seeing first-hand the economic reforms sweeping the communist island.

But expectations are high that Carter also will work behind the scenes to secure the release of American contractor Alan Gross, who was recently sentenced to 15 years in a Cuban prison.

Unlike his first visit in 2002, when then-President Fidel Castro personally greeted Carter on the tarmac, this time Foreign Minister Bruno Rodriguez was on hand to receive the former American leader.

The Carter Center has called the three-day trip a non-governmental mission at the invitation of the Cuban government. On Monday afternoon, he met with Jewish leaders and the archbishop of Havana, Cardinal Jaime Ortega.



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